Right forms of verbs এর নিয়ম ও ব্যবহার।Important rules of right forms of verbs are described below
- Present Indefinite Tense এর subject যদি third person singular number হয় তাহলে verb এর শেষে s, es যোগ হবে। কিন্তু অন্য কোন tense এর ক্ষেত্রে হবে না।
- He eats
- He plays
Present Indefinite Tense এর subject যদি plural number হয় তাহলে verb এর শেষে s/es যোগ হবে না।
- They play
- They eat
- Present Indefinite Tense এর subject, third person singular number হলেও সেটি যদি negative sentence হয় তাহলে does not ব্যবহৃত হবে। তখন verb এর শেষে s/es যোগ হবেনা।
- He does not goto school.
- Ashish does noteat rice.
- Past tense or future tense হলে verb এর শেষে s/es যোগ হবে না। তখন সেই tense এর structure অনুযায়ী verb বসবে।
- He wentto school.
- He will goto school.
- Modal Auxiliary verb (যেমন: can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, ought to, need, dare, have to, must etc.) এর পরে verb এর present form বসে এবং verb এর সাথে কোন কিছু যোগ হয় না।
- He can dothe work.
- I shall goto the school.
- You must come
- He should study
- বাক্যটি যদি universal truth (চিরন্তন সত্য) হয়, habitual fact (অভ্যাসগত কাজ) বোঝায় তাহলে present indefinite tense হবে।
- The sun risesin the east.
- Ice floatson water.
- Sentence টি passive voice হলে এবং modal auxiliary verb (can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, ought to, need, dare, have to, must etc.) এর পরে be + past participle form of verb বসে।
- It can be doneby you.
- All the fruits could be
- Had, rather, let, would better, had better, need not, do not, does not, did not, did never, ইত্যাদি এর পর present form of verb বসে।
- I let them usemy shoes.
- I had better goto the market by this time.
- I need not dothe work.
- বাক্যে have/has থাকলে সেটি present perfect tense হবে।
- He has donethe work.
- They have eaten
- Sentence এ yet, just, just now, recently, already, lately, ever ইত্যাদি থাকলে present perfect tense হবে।
- He has taken his lunch just now.
- They have already come home.
- I have met him recently.
- Sentence এ yesterday, ago, long ago, last year, last week, last month, that day, day before, ইত্যাদি থাকলে past indefinite tense হবে।
- He camehome
- I wentto Cox’s Bazar last month.
- A long time ago, therelived a poor farmer.
- To এর পরে সবসময় verb এর present form বসে।
- You need to dothe work in time.
- He went to the market to buya shirt.
- Since বা for এর পর সময়ের উল্লেখ থাকলে সেটি present perfect continuous tense হবে।
- He has been doing the work sincethe morning.
- It has been rainingfor two hours.
- If দ্বারা যুক্ত clause টি যদি present indefinite tense হয় তাহলে পরের clause টি future indefinite tense হবে।
- If he comes, I’ll go.
- If you work hard, you’ll shine in life.
- With a view to/look forward to এর পর verb এর সাথে ing যোগ হবে।
- I’m looking forward to getting a job.
- I went shopping with a view to buying a shirt.
- By এর পর verb এর সাথে ing যোগ হবে।
- She expressed her feelings by crying.
- By diggingthe land, she planted trees.
- For, of, in, without, with, before, after ইত্যাদি preposition এর পরে verb এর সাথে ing যোগ হয়।
- I’ve never been tired of going
- She can’t go without waitingfor me.
- Mind, would you mind, past, worth, could not help, cannot help এর পরে verb এর সাথে ing যোগ হয়।
- Would you mind givingme the book?
- He cannot help doingthe assignment.
- Sentence এর শুরুতে যদি would that থাকে তাহলে subject এর পর could বসে এবং এরপর verb এর present form বসে।
- Would that I could bea writer like Humayun Ahmed.
- Would that I could buya Toyota car.
- To be/having/got থাকলে verb এর past participle form হয়।
- The assignment is to be completed
- The thief ran away having seenthe police.
- I got the certificates sentby the Headmaster.
- ব্র্যাকেটে (be) থাকলে person, number এবং tense অনুযায়ী am/is/are/was/were/been হবে।
- It (be) two years ago.
- It wastwo years ago.
- Allah (be) everywhere.
- Allah is
- One of my friends (be) an honest person.
- One of my friends is/wasan honest person.
- বর্তমান কালে চলছে এমন কোন কাজ বোঝালে present continuous tense হয়। (এসব ক্ষেত্রে সাধারণত at present/now/at the moment ইত্যাদি adverb ব্যবহৃত হয়।)
- He is watchingthe Television at this moment.
- They are playing
- Now, they are doingtheir assignment.
- If + Present Indefinite + Future Indefinite (if যুক্ত clause টি present indefinite tense হলে পরের clause টি হবে future indefinite)
- If you come, I’ll go.
- If you drinkmilk, you will be healthy.
- যদি had/if যুক্ত clause টি past indefinite tense হয় তাহলে পরের clause টি তে subject এর পর would/could/might বসে এবং verb এর present form হয়।
- If he came, I would goto the market.
- If I were rich enough, I would helpthe poor.
যদি had/if যুক্ত clause টি past perfect tense হয় তাহলে পরের clause টি তে subject এর পর would have/could have/might have বসে এবং verb এর past participle form হয়।
- If he had come, I would have goneto the market.
- If you had walked fast, you could have reachedthe station.
- Wish/fancy/it is time/it is high time ইত্যাদি থাকলে verb এর past tense হবে।
- I wish I wonthe first prize.
- It is high time you changedyour bad habits.
- I fancy I flewin the sky.
- As if/as though থাকলে were বসে।
- He speaks as if he werethe leader.
- He acts as though he werea hero.
- Each, every, everyone, any, anyone, many a, everybody, everything, anybody, nobody, no one, nothing, anything, someone, something, one of, either, neither ইত্যাদি থাকলে verb এর singular number ব্যবহৃত হয়।
- Each of the students was
- Every father dedicateshis life to his children.
- One of the students wasvery talented.
- Neither of the two brothers waspresent in the class.
- While এর পর verb থাকলে সেটির সাথে ing যোগ হয়। কিন্তু while এর পর subject থাকলে এর অংশটি past continuous tense হয়।
- While walkingthrough the zoo, I saw a
- While itwas raining, I was watching a movie.
- অনেক সময় একই স্থান, দৈর্ঘ্য বা পরিমাপ বোঝালে subject দেখতে plural মনে হলেও verb টি singular form হয়।
- Twenty miles wasa long way.
- Two hundred miles is nota long distance in this modern era.
- Main clause এর verb টি past tense হলে ও পরের অংশে next day, next week, next month, next year ইত্যাদি উল্লেখ থাকলে subject এর পরে should/would বসে।
- He told that he would go home the next week.
- She said that she would buy land next year.
- After এর পরের এবং before এর আগের clause টি past perfect tense হবে এবং অন্য clause টি past indefinite tense হবে।
- The train had left the station before we reached.
- The doctor came after the patient had died.
- Passive voice এর সময় tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb ও verb এর past participle form বসে।
- English is spokenall over the world.
- We are taughtEnglish by
- ব্যতিক্রমগুলো ছাড়া Principle clause এর verb যদি past tense হয় তাহলে subordinate clause এর verb ও past tense হবে এবং একটি present tense হলে অন্যটিও present tense হবে।
- He wasso ill that he would not go to the school.
- They understoodthat he would not come.